Key features:

• Evaluation of the Uterus and Ovaries: Physicians routinely examine the size, shape, and structure of the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. This helps identify structural abnormalities, congenital malformations, and physiological changes related to the menstrual cycle or age.
• Diagnosis of Pelvic Masses: Ultrasound is highly effective in detecting and characterizing pelvic masses, such as uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts, and polyps. It helps differentiate between benign and malignant tumors based on their size, location, and vascularity (using Doppler technology).
• Investigation of Pelvic Pain and Abnormal Bleeding: For patients presenting with pelvic pain or abnormal uterine bleeding, ultrasound helps determine the underlying cause, which may include conditions like endometriosis, adenomyosis, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), or an ectopic pregnancy.
• Assessment of Emergency Conditions: In acute situations, ultrasound is crucial for rapidly diagnosing life-threatening conditions like a ruptured ectopic pregnancy or ovarian torsion, where blood flow to the ovary is cut off.
• Cancer Assessment: While often an initial tool, ultrasound helps in the early assessment and staging of cancers of the reproductive organs (cervical, endometrial, ovarian) and can assess for local spread to adjacent organs or lymph nodes.
• Interventional Applications
  Ultrasound’s real-time imaging capability makes it an indispensable tool for guiding various gynecological procedures:
• Fertility Treatments: It is used extensively in fertility assessments to monitor follicular development and growth. It also guides procedures like egg retrieval for in vitro fertilization (IVF) and the placement of an intrauterine device (IUD).
• Biopsies and Aspiration: Endosino ultrasound guidance improves the accuracy and safety of minimally invasive procedures, such as needle biopsies of suspicious masses or the aspiration and drainage of cysts and abscesses.
• Sonohysterography: This technique involves injecting a saline solution into the uterus during a transvaginal ultrasound to get a clearer view of the uterine cavity, aiding in the diagnosis of polyps, fibroids, or intrauterine adhesions.
• Pelvic Floor Assessment: Translabial or transperineal ultrasound can be used to evaluate pelvic floor muscles in women with urinary incontinence or pelvic organ prolapse.